Buoyancy Calculator (Archimedes)
Buoyancy is the upward force a fluid exerts on a submerged or floating object, equal to the weight of fluid displaced (Archimedes' Principle). An object floats when buoyant force equals or exceeds its weight; it sinks when weight exceeds buoyant force.
- 1Buoyant force Fb = ρ_fluid × g × V_displaced
- 2ρ_fluid = fluid density (water = 1,000 kg/m³)
- 3g = gravitational acceleration (9.81 m/s²)
- 4V_displaced = volume of fluid displaced (= object volume if fully submerged)
- 5Object floats if object density < fluid density
0.1m³ wooden block in water=Fb = 1000 × 9.81 × 0.1 = 981 NIf block weighs less than 981N, it floats
Steel ball (density 7,800 kg/m³) in water=Sinks — 7,800 > 1,000 (water density)Steel is 7.8× denser than water
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Fun Fact
A steel ship floats because its hollow hull displaces much more water than the solid steel itself — the average density of the whole ship (including air inside) is less than water.
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