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Geometric Mean

Geometric mean for rate data

📊Geometric Mean Calculator

The geometric mean is the nth root of the product of n numbers. It is the correct average for quantities that multiply (growth rates, investment returns) rather than add.

  1. 1GM = (x₁ × x₂ × ... × xₙ)^(1/n)
  2. 2Always ≤ arithmetic mean
  3. 3For investment returns: GM = (final/initial)^(1/n) − 1
Annual returns: +50%, −50%, +50%=GM = (1.5×0.5×1.5)^(1/3)−1 = −6.1%/yrAM would give +16.7% — completely misleading

Fun Fact

A 50% gain followed by a 50% loss leaves you at 75% of your starting value — the geometric mean captures this reality while arithmetic mean doesn't.

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