⚗️Empirical Formula Calculator
e.g. C:40, H:6.67, O:53.33
The empirical formula of a compound shows the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element present. It is derived from the percentage composition by mass. The molecular formula is a whole-number multiple of the empirical formula.
- 1Convert mass percentages to moles by dividing by atomic mass
- 2Divide all mole values by the smallest value to get ratios
- 3If ratios are not whole numbers, multiply all by a small integer (2, 3, or 4)
- 4Write the empirical formula with the resulting whole-number subscripts
C:40%, H:6.67%, O:53.33%=CH₂O (glucose empirical formula)C:3.33, H:6.67, O:3.33 → ratio 1:2:1
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Fun Fact
Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and fructose both have the same empirical formula CH₂O, but are different molecules with different properties — demonstrating that empirical formulas alone don't identify a compound.
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