Flow Rate Calculator (Q = A × v)
Cross-sectional Area (m²)
Flow Velocity (m/s)
Flow rate (Q) is the volume of fluid passing a cross-section per unit time. The continuity equation Q = A × v is fundamental to plumbing, HVAC, hydraulics, and engineering.
- 1Q = A × v (m³/s; A in m², v in m/s)
- 2Continuity: A₁v₁ = A₂v₂ (fluid speeds up in narrower sections)
- 31 m³/s = 1,000 L/s = 60,000 L/min
- 4Use consistent units throughout
Pipe area 0.03m², velocity 2m/s=Q = 0.03 × 2 = 0.06 m³/s = 60 L/s = 3,600 L/min
| Source | Typical flow rate |
|---|---|
| Kitchen tap | 8–12 L/min |
| Shower head | 8–12 L/min |
| Garden hose | 10–20 L/min |
| Fire hydrant | > 1,500 L/min |
References
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