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Cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped per minute. It's calculated from heart rate and stroke volume, crucial for shock assessment.
सूत्र
Calculate: CO = HR × SV (in mL)
- CO
- CO/BSA — CO/BSA
- HR
- HR value — Variable used in the calculation
- SV
- SV value — Variable used in the calculation
चरण-दर-चरण मार्गदर्शिका
- 1Calculate: CO = HR × SV (in mL)
- 2Normal CO ≈ 5 L/min; normalize to body surface area: CI = CO/BSA
- 3Normal CI ≈ 2.5-3.5 L/min/m²
हल किए गए उदाहरण
इनपुट
HR 100, SV 50 mL
परिणाम
CO = 5 L/min (normal)
Normal cardiac output
सामान्य गलतियां जिनसे बचना है
- ✕Confusing cardiac output with blood pressure
- ✕Using SV values from different populations without BSA normalization
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले प्रश्न
What decreases cardiac output?
Decreased heart rate, decreased stroke volume (due to reduced preload, afterload, or contractility).
How is stroke volume measured?
Echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, or non-invasive methods. Not directly measured from vital signs.
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