📊Cronbach's Alpha Calculator
Cronbach's alpha (α) measures internal consistency reliability — whether items measuring the same construct produce correlated scores. α > 0.7 is generally acceptable; > 0.9 is excellent.
- 1α = (k × r̄) / (1 + (k−1) × r̄)
- 2k = number of items · r̄ = average inter-item correlation
- 3Higher α: items are more redundant/internally consistent
10-item scale · avg inter-item r=0.4=α = 0.87 — good reliability(10×0.4)/(1+9×0.4)=0.87
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Fun Fact
Lee Cronbach published this formula in 1951. It is now the most-cited reliability measure in psychology and social science research.
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