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Cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped per minute. It's calculated from heart rate and stroke volume, crucial for shock assessment.

Formule

Calculate: CO = HR × SV (in mL)
CO
CO/BSA — CO/BSA
HR
HR value — Variable used in the calculation
SV
SV value — Variable used in the calculation

Stapsgewijze handleiding

  1. 1Calculate: CO = HR × SV (in mL)
  2. 2Normal CO ≈ 5 L/min; normalize to body surface area: CI = CO/BSA
  3. 3Normal CI ≈ 2.5-3.5 L/min/m²

Uitgewerkte voorbeelden

Invoer
HR 100, SV 50 mL
Resultaat
CO = 5 L/min (normal)
Normal cardiac output

Veelgemaakte fouten om te vermijden

  • Confusing cardiac output with blood pressure
  • Using SV values from different populations without BSA normalization

Veelgestelde vragen

What decreases cardiac output?

Decreased heart rate, decreased stroke volume (due to reduced preload, afterload, or contractility).

How is stroke volume measured?

Echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, or non-invasive methods. Not directly measured from vital signs.

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