⚡Lattice Energy Calculator
Lattice energy is the energy released when gaseous ions combine to form a crystalline ionic solid (or equivalently, the energy required to separate the solid into gaseous ions). It measures the strength of ionic bonding.
- 1Proportional to |z+||z−|/r (Coulomb's law)
- 2|z| = ionic charges · r = sum of ionic radii
- 3Higher charges and smaller ions → larger lattice energy
- 4Measured experimentally via Born-Haber cycle
NaCl vs MgO comparison=NaCl ≈ −787 kJ/mol · MgO ≈ −3795 kJ/molMgO has 2+ and 2− ions → much larger lattice energy
| Compound | Lattice energy (kJ/mol) |
|---|---|
| LiF | −1037 |
| NaCl | −787 |
| KBr | −689 |
| MgO | −3795 |
| CaO | −3414 |
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Fun Fact
MgO has one of the highest lattice energies of simple binary compounds — which is why magnesium oxide has a melting point of 2,852°C and is used as a refractory material in furnaces.
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