VAT Calculator
Value Added Tax (VAT) is a consumption tax added at each stage of production and at the point of sale. Unlike US sales tax (added only at final sale), VAT is collected throughout the supply chain. Most countries outside the US use VAT.
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Tip: When comparing prices internationally, always check if VAT is included. US prices typically exclude sales tax; European prices usually include VAT.
- 1To add VAT: Gross price = Net price × (1 + VAT rate)
- 2To remove VAT: Net price = Gross price / (1 + VAT rate)
- 3VAT amount = Gross − Net
- 4Businesses charge VAT to customers but reclaim VAT paid on purchases (input tax)
Net £100, UK VAT 20%=VAT = £20, Gross = £120£100 × 1.20
Gross receipt €85, VAT 21%=Net = €70.25, VAT = €14.75€85 / 1.21
| Country | Standard Rate | Reduced Rate |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 20% | 5% (energy, children's items) |
| Germany | 19% | 7% (food, books) |
| France | 20% | 5.5% (food), 2.5% (medicine) |
| Sweden | 25% | 12% (food, hotels) |
| Australia (GST) | 10% | Exempt (fresh food, medicine) |
| Canada (GST) | 5% | Zero-rated (basic groceries) |
| India (GST) | 18% standard | 5%, 12%, 28% (varies by goods) |
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Fun Fact
The US is the only developed country without a national VAT. Instead, it relies on state and local sales taxes, which vary from 0% to over 10% and are not collected along the supply chain.
References
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