Anion Gap Calculator
Sodium Na⁺ (mEq/L)
Chloride Cl⁻ (mEq/L)
Bicarbonate HCO₃⁻ (mEq/L)
Albumin g/dL (default 4)
The anion gap detects unmeasured anions in plasma. AG > 12 mEq/L indicates high-anion-gap metabolic acidosis (DKA, lactic acidosis, toxins — MUDPILES mnemonic).
- 1AG = Na⁺ − (Cl⁻ + HCO₃⁻)
- 2Normal: 8–12 mEq/L
- 3Albumin correction: +2.5 mEq/L per 1g/dL drop in albumin below 4
- 4Investigate any AG > 12 mEq/L
Na 140, Cl 102, HCO₃ 14=AG = 24 mEq/L — elevated, investigate
| Letter | Cause |
|---|---|
| M | Methanol |
| U | Uraemia |
| D | DKA |
| P | Paracetamol |
| I | Iron/isoniazid |
| L | Lactic acidosis |
| E | Ethylene glycol |
| S | Salicylates |
References
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