Scientific Notation Converter
Scientific notation expresses very large or very small numbers as a coefficient (1 ≤ a < 10) multiplied by a power of 10. It is essential in science and engineering where values span many orders of magnitude.
- 1Move the decimal point until you have a number between 1 and 10
- 2Count the number of places moved — this becomes the exponent
- 3If you moved left, the exponent is positive; if right, it is negative
- 4Write as: a × 10ⁿ
93,000,000=9.3 × 10⁷Decimal moved 7 places left
0.00000045=4.5 × 10⁻⁷Decimal moved 7 places right
6.022 × 10²³=602,200,000,000,000,000,000,000Avogadro's number
| Power | Value | Prefix | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10¹² | 1,000,000,000,000 | Tera (T) | 1 TB of data |
| 10⁹ | 1,000,000,000 | Giga (G) | 1 GHz processor |
| 10⁶ | 1,000,000 | Mega (M) | 1 MB file |
| 10³ | 1,000 | Kilo (k) | 1 km |
| 10⁻³ | 0.001 | Milli (m) | 1 mm |
| 10⁻⁶ | 0.000001 | Micro (μ) | 1 μm |
| 10⁻⁹ | 0.000000001 | Nano (n) | 1 nm |
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Fun Fact
The mass of a proton is 1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ kg. The number of atoms in the observable universe is estimated at 10⁸⁰. Scientific notation lets us write both on the same line.
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