Significant Figures Calculator
Rounding replaces a number with a simpler approximation. The most common method is round-half-up: if the digit after the rounding position is 5 or greater, round up; otherwise round down.
- 1Identify the place value you are rounding to (ones, tens, tenths, etc.)
- 2Look at the digit immediately to the right
- 3If it is 5 or more, add 1 to the rounding digit and drop everything to the right
- 4If it is 4 or less, keep the rounding digit and drop everything to the right
3.745 → nearest hundredth=3.755 ≥ 5 → round up
3.744 → nearest hundredth=3.744 < 5 → round down
2,456 → nearest hundred=2,5005 ≥ 5 → round up
2,449 → nearest hundred=2,4004 < 5 → round down
Banker's rounding (round-half-even)
When the digit is exactly 5 with nothing after it, round to the nearest even number. 2.5 → 2, 3.5 → 4. This reduces cumulative rounding bias in large datasets.
Significant figures vs decimal places
3.1416 rounded to 3 decimal places is 3.142. Rounded to 4 significant figures it is 3.142 as well (same here). But 0.001234 to 3 sig figs is 0.00123 — decimal places and sig figs give different results.
References
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