Force Calculator (F = ma)
kg
m/s²
In physics, work (W) is the energy transferred when a force moves an object through a distance: W = F × d × cos(θ) where θ is the angle between force and displacement. Work is measured in joules. Positive work adds energy; negative work removes it.
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Tip: The work-energy theorem is powerful: to find an object's speed after being pushed, calculate the net work done on it, set equal to ΔKE = ½mv² − ½mv₀², and solve for v.
- 1W = F × d (when force is parallel to displacement)
- 2W = F × d × cos(θ) (when force is at angle θ)
- 3Work-energy theorem: W_net = ΔKE = ½mv² − ½mv₀²
- 4Power = Work / Time = W/t (watts = J/s)
Push 100N force, move 5m horizontally=W = 100 × 5 = 500 JForce parallel to motion
Pull at 30°, force 200N, displacement 10m=W = 200 × 10 × cos30° = 1,732 Jcos(30°) = 0.866
| Scenario | Calculation | Result |
|---|---|---|
| Climbing stairs (70kg, 3m) | W = 70×9.81×3 | 2,060 J |
| Carrying level (no height change) | W = 0 | 0 J (no displacement in force direction) |
| Friction braking (500N, 10m) | W = 500×10 | 5,000 J (work done against friction) |
| Stretching spring (k=200, x=0.1m) | W = ½×200×0.01 | 1 J |
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Fun Fact
Carrying a heavy box across a flat room does zero work in the physics sense — the force (up) is perpendicular to displacement (horizontal), so cos(90°) = 0. Your muscles tire from holding the box, but no mechanical work is done on the box.
References
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