The distance formula calculates the straight-line (Euclidean) distance between two points in a 2D coordinate plane. It is derived directly from the Pythagorean theorem — the distance is the hypotenuse of a right triangle formed by the horizontal and vertical differences.
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Pro Tip
Check for Pythagorean triples first. If Δx and Δy are 3 and 4, the answer is exactly 5 — no calculator needed.
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Did You Know?
GPS navigation uses a 3D version of the distance formula plus corrections for Earth's curvature to calculate positions accurate to within a few centimetres.
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