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The nominal interest rate is the stated rate before accounting for compounding or inflation. It differs from the effective rate (which accounts for compounding) and the real rate (which accounts for inflation). Most loan rates are quoted as nominal annual rates.

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1. 1Nominal rate = Periodic rate × Number of periods per year
2. 2Effective rate = (1 + nominal/n)^n − 1
3. 3Real rate ≈ Nominal rate − Inflation rate (Fisher equation: exact version is more complex)
4. 4APR on loans is a nominal rate; APY on savings is the effective rate

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