Wind Chill Calculator
Units:
Wind chill is the perceived decrease in air temperature felt by exposed skin due to the flow of air. Wind accelerates heat loss from the body — the faster the wind, the colder it feels, even if the actual temperature is unchanged.
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Tip: Cover all exposed skin in severe wind chill. Frostbite can occur on the cheeks, nose, ears, and fingers even during brief exposure when wind chill is below −27°C.
- 1The Environment Canada / NWS formula: WC = 13.12 + 0.6215T − 11.37V^0.16 + 0.3965TV^0.16
- 2T = air temperature (°C), V = wind speed (km/h)
- 3Only applies when temperature is below 10°C (50°F) and wind speed > 4.8 km/h
- 4Human skin temperature is used as the reference (33°C / 91°F)
−10°C with 30 km/h wind=Feels like −20°CWind doubles the effective cold
5°F with 20 mph wind=Feels like −15°FFrostbite risk in 30 minutes
| Feels Like (°C) | Risk | Frostbite time |
|---|---|---|
| 0 to −9 | Low | No risk |
| −10 to −27 | Moderate | Exposed skin can freeze in 10–30 min |
| −28 to −39 | High | Frostbite in 10–30 min |
| −40 to −47 | Very High | Frostbite in 5–10 min |
| −48 to −54 | Severe | Frostbite in 2–5 min |
| Below −55 | Extreme | Frostbite in < 2 min |
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Fun Fact
The wind chill formula used today was updated in 2001 by Environment Canada and the US NWS after the original 1940s formula (developed by Antarctic researchers Siple and Passel) was found to overestimate coldness.
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