Self-employed individuals in the UK pay Income Tax and two types of National Insurance (Class 2 and Class 4) on their trading profits. Unlike employees, there is no PAYE — tax is paid via Self Assessment, typically in two payments on account (31 January and 31 July) plus a balancing payment.
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Pro Tip
Set aside 25–30% of every invoice payment for tax. Open a separate savings account and transfer this proportion immediately — it prevents the tax bill shock in January.
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