Einstein's famous equation E = mc² expresses the equivalence of energy (E) and mass (m), connected by c² (speed of light squared, ~9 × 10¹⁶ m²/s²). It means a tiny amount of mass contains an enormous amount of energy — the basis of nuclear power and weapons.
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Pro Tip
In nuclear reactions, the mass difference (mass defect) between reactants and products is what becomes energy via E=mc². In fission, uranium splits and the products weigh slightly less — that mass difference is the released energy.
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Did You Know?
Nuclear power plants convert less than 0.1% of fuel mass to energy. If 100% mass-to-energy conversion were possible, 1 kg of matter would power the entire world for about 3 years.
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