Bernoulli Equation Calculator
P₁ Pressure (Pa)
v₁ Velocity (m/s)
h₁ Height (m)
v₂ Velocity (m/s)
h₂ Height (m)
Fluid Density (kg/m³)
Bernoulli's principle states that in a flowing fluid, faster flow means lower pressure. It explains aircraft lift, carburettors, Venturi meters, and why shower curtains billow inward.
- 1P₁ + ½ρv₁² + ρgh₁ = P₂ + ½ρv₂² + ρgh₂
- 2ρ = fluid density (water: 1,000 kg/m³)
- 3Higher velocity → lower static pressure (Venturi effect)
- 4Assumes incompressible, non-viscous, steady flow
Pipe narrows from 0.1m² to 0.04m², v₁=2m/s=v₂ = (0.1/0.04) × 2 = 5 m/s; pressure at narrow section drops
| Application | How Bernoulli applies |
|---|---|
| Aircraft wing | Faster air over top → lower pressure → lift |
| Venturi meter | Pressure drop measures flow rate |
| Carburettor | Fast air draws fuel upward |
| Aerofoil sails | Pressure difference generates drive |
References
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