Osmotic pressure is the pressure needed to prevent osmosis — the flow of solvent across a semipermeable membrane from dilute to concentrated solution. π = MRT, where M is molarity, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature in Kelvin.
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Did You Know?
Reverse osmosis desalination uses pressure exceeding seawater's osmotic pressure (~26 atm / 380 psi) to push water through a membrane, removing salt — now providing drinking water for millions worldwide.
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