An IP address (Internet Protocol address) is a numerical label assigned to each device on a network. IPv4 uses 32 bits (e.g., 192.168.1.1); IPv6 uses 128 bits (e.g., 2001:0db8::1). An IP calculator helps find network address, broadcast, subnet mask, and host range.
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Pro Tip
Private IP ranges not routed on the internet: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, 192.168.0.0/16. Your home router uses these. The 127.0.0.0/8 block is the loopback range — 127.0.0.1 is always "this computer".
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Did You Know?
IPv4 has only ~4.3 billion addresses (2³²). The internet ran out of unallocated IPv4 addresses in 2011. IPv6 with 2¹²⁸ addresses provides enough for ~340 undecillion addresses — more than a billion addresses per atom on Earth's surface.
References
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