如何计算EV vs Gas Total Cost of Ownership
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The EV vs Gas Car Total Cost of Ownership calculator compares the complete 5-year or 10-year ownership costs of an electric vehicle versus a gasoline car, including purchase price, fuel, maintenance, insurance, depreciation, and available tax credits.
公式
TCO = Purchase Price - Tax Credits - Resale Value + (Annual Fuel Cost + Insurance + Maintenance) x Years
- P
- Purchase Price ($) — Sticker price or negotiated price of the vehicle
- TC
- Tax Credits ($) — Federal and state EV incentives applied at purchase
- FC
- Annual Fuel Cost ($/year) — Yearly cost of electricity or gasoline
- M
- Annual Maintenance ($/year) — Yearly maintenance and repair costs
- RV
- Resale Value ($) — Projected value of the vehicle at end of ownership period
分步指南
- 1Enter purchase prices for both the EV and gas vehicle
- 2Input annual miles driven, electricity rate ($/kWh), and gas price ($/gallon)
- 3Add annual insurance and maintenance costs for each vehicle
- 4The calculator computes total cost over the ownership period and shows the break-even point
例题解析
输入
EV: $45,000, 12k mi/yr, $0.13/kWh, 3.5 mi/kWh; Gas: $35,000, 30 mpg, $3.50/gal; 10 years
结果
EV TCO: $52,860 vs Gas TCO: $59,600 — EV saves $6,740 over 10 years
输入
EV: $45,000 with $7,500 credit; Gas: $35,000; 5 years
结果
EV TCO: $37,930 vs Gas TCO: $42,300 — EV saves $4,370 over 5 years
常见错误注意事项
- ✕Forgetting to include the federal EV tax credit ($7,500) and state incentives which dramatically change the comparison
- ✕Using average gas prices instead of local prices which vary from $2.80 to $5.50+ per gallon
- ✕Overlooking that EV maintenance is 40-60% cheaper since there are no oil changes, transmission service, or exhaust repairs
常见问题
Are EVs really cheaper to own than gas cars?
In most scenarios, yes. While EVs have higher upfront costs, lower fuel costs ($0.04/mile vs $0.12/mile for gas) and 40-60% lower maintenance typically result in lower 10-year TCO, especially with tax credits.
How much does it cost to fuel an EV per mile?
At the US average electricity rate of $0.16/kWh and an efficiency of 3.5 mi/kWh, an EV costs about $0.046 per mile compared to $0.12-0.18 per mile for gasoline vehicles.
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