如何计算Grain Size
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Grain size affects mechanical properties: smaller grains = higher strength, higher hardness (Hall-Petch relationship).
公式
Calculate strengthening effect using Hall-Petch: σ = σ₀ + k/√d
分步指南
- 1Input grain size (average diameter)
- 2Calculate strengthening effect using Hall-Petch: σ = σ₀ + k/√d
- 3Results show predicted yield strength
例题解析
输入
Grain size 1 μm vs. 100 μm
结果
1 μm ~ 50% stronger (Hall-Petch effect)
常见错误注意事项
- ✕Assuming smaller always better (sometimes reduces ductility)
- ✕Not accounting for material-specific k value
常见问题
How do you control grain size?
Cool rate (slower = larger grains), deformation (refines grains), annealing temperature.
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