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Protein Synthesis

DNA to protein synthesis pathways

🧬Population Growth Calculator

0.05 = 5%/yr

Protein synthesis converts genetic information (DNA → mRNA → protein). Transcription produces mRNA from DNA; translation converts mRNA codons into amino acid sequences.

  1. 1Transcription: RNA polymerase reads DNA 3→5, synthesises mRNA 5→3
  2. 2Each codon (3 bases) codes for one amino acid
  3. 3Protein length ≈ gene coding length / 3 amino acids
Gene of 900 bp coding sequence=300 amino acid protein900÷3=300 codons

Fun Fact

A ribosome translates ~15–20 amino acids per second. Titin (27,000 amino acids) takes about 25 minutes to produce.

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