How to Calculate Dilution
What is Dilution?
Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of a solution by adding more solvent. The core relationship is C1V1 = C2V2: the moles of solute remain constant, so increasing volume decreases concentration proportionally.
Step-by-Step Guide
- 1Identify initial concentration C1 and volume V1
- 2Decide desired final concentration C2
- 3Solve for required volume V2 = C1V1/C2
- 4Add solvent (usually water) to reach V2
Worked Examples
Input
2M HCl 50mL → 0.5M target
Result
Final volume = 200mL (add 150mL water)
2×50=0.5×V2; V2=200mL
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