Stormwater Runoff کا حساب کیسے لگائیں
Stormwater Runoff کیا ہے؟
Stormwater runoff volume is calculated using rainfall and surface area characteristics. It's essential for drainage system design.
فارمولا
Use rational method: Q = C×I×A where C is runoff coefficient, I is rainfall intensity, A is area
- Q
- C×I×A where C is runoff coefficient — C×I×A where C is runoff coefficient
- C
- C value — Variable used in the calculation
- I
- I value — Variable used in the calculation
- A
- A value — Variable used in the calculation
مرحلہ وار گائیڈ
- 1Use rational method: Q = C×I×A where C is runoff coefficient, I is rainfall intensity, A is area
- 2C varies by surface: impervious (0.8-0.95), pervious (0.1-0.3)
- 3Results show peak flow for design storm
حل شدہ مثالیں
ان پٹ
Area 10 ha, 60% impervious, rainfall 100 mm/hr
نتیجہ
Q ≈ 1.8 m³/s peak flow
For drainage system sizing
عام غلطیاں جن سے بچنا ہے
- ✕Using wrong rainfall intensity for design frequency
- ✕Neglecting impervious surface increases from development
اکثر پوچھے جانے والے سوالات
Why use runoff coefficient?
Not all rain becomes runoff; some infiltrates soil. Coefficient captures this fraction.
What storm frequency should be designed for?
Typically 10-year storm for urban areas, 100-year for critical facilities, varies by code.
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