Thermal Expansion کا حساب کیسے لگائیں

Thermal Expansion کیا ہے؟

Thermal expansion describes how materials change size with temperature. Most solids expand when heated and contract when cooled. Linear thermal expansion: ΔL = α × L₀ × ΔT, where α is the material's coefficient of thermal expansion.

مرحلہ وار گائیڈ

1. 1Linear expansion: ΔL = α × L₀ × ΔT
2. 2Volumetric expansion: ΔV = β × V₀ × ΔT ≈ 3α × V₀ × ΔT
3. 3α (steel) ≈ 12 × 10⁻⁶ /°C · α (aluminium) ≈ 23 × 10⁻⁶ /°C · α (concrete) ≈ 12 × 10⁻⁶ /°C

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