Gravitational potential energy (GPE) is the energy stored in an object due to its position in a gravitational field. GPE = mgh where m is mass (kg), g is gravitational acceleration (9.81 m/s²), and h is height above reference (m).
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Pro Tip
Conservation of energy: GPE lost = KE gained (ignoring friction). A ball dropped from 10m hits the ground at v = √(2gh) = √(2×9.81×10) ≈ 14 m/s = 50 km/h.
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Did You Know?
The Hoover Dam's Lake Mead holds 36.7 km³ of water at an average height of ~150m. The gravitational potential energy stored is roughly 50 petajoules — about 12 megatons of TNT equivalent.
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